Shanghainese syllable table (IPA)
Submitted by Christoph on 21 April, 2010 - 22:58
I've already done a table on Pinyin for Mandarin,and Jyutping and Cantonese Yale for Cantonese. Here's now a table for Shanghainese. As there seems to be no accepted or standard romanisation for the Shanghai Wu dialect, IPA seems to be system at hand.
This table is based on the Wu Phonetics Corpus by Kellen Parker with contributions from Allan Simon.
ɑ | ɑ̃ | ã | ɑˀ | ɛ | əˀ | ən | əl | ɿ | ɤ | i | iɑ | iɑ̃ | iɑˀ | iɤ | iɔ | iɪˀ | in | ioˀ | ioŋ | o | oˀ | oŋ | ø | ɔ | ɔˀ | u | uɑ̃ | uɑ | uɑˀ | uɛ | uəˀ | uən | y | yn | yø | yɪˀ | yəˀ | ||
ɑ | ɑˀ | ɛ | i | iɑˀ | iɔ | iɪˀ | in | ioˀ | oˀ | ø | ɔ | uɛ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ɦ | ɦɑ | ɦɑ̃ | ɦɛ | ɦəˀ | ɦən | ɦəl | ɦɤ | ɦi | ɦiɑ | ɦiɑ̃ | ɦiɑˀ | ɦiɤ | ɦiɔ | ɦiɪˀ | ɦin | ɦioŋ | ɦo | ɦoˀ | ɦoŋ | ɦø | ɦɔ | ɦu | ɦuɑ̃ | ɦuɑ | ɦuɑˀ | ɦuɛ | ɦuəˀ | ɦuən | ɦy | ɦyn | ɦyø | ɦyɪˀ | |||||||
h | hɑ | hɑ̃ | hɑˀ | hɛ | həˀ | hɤ | ho | hoˀ | hoŋ | hø | hɔ | hu | huɑ̃ | huɑ | huɑˀ | huɛ | huən | ||||||||||||||||||||||
ŋ | ŋ | ŋɑ | ŋɑ̃ | ŋɛ | ŋəˀ | ŋɤ | ŋo | ŋoˀ | ŋø | ŋɔ | ŋu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
k | kɑ | kɑ̃ | kɛ | kəˀ | kən | kɤ | ko | koˀ | koŋ | kø | kɔ | ku | kuɑ̃ | kuɑ | kuɑˀ | kuɛ | kuəˀ | kuən | |||||||||||||||||||||
kʰ | kʰɑ | kʰɑ̃ | kʰɑˀ | kʰɛ | kʰəˀ | kʰən | kʰɤ | kʰo | kʰoˀ | kʰoŋ | kʰø | kʰɔ | kʰu | kʰuɑ̃ | kʰuɑ | kʰuəˀ | kʰuən | ||||||||||||||||||||||
g | gɑ | gɛ | gəˀ | gən | goˀ | goŋ | gɔ | gu | guɛ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ɲ | ɲi | ɲiɑ̃ | ɲiɤ | ɲiɔ | ɲiɪˀ | ɲin | ɲioŋ | ɲy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ʨ | ʨi | ʨiɑ | ʨiɑ̃ | ʨiɑˀ | ʨiɤ | ʨiɔ | ʨiɪˀ | ʨin | ʨioŋ | ʨy | ʨyn | ʨyəˀ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ʨʰ | ʨʰi | ʨʰiɑ | ʨʰiɑ̃ | ʨʰiɤ | ʨʰiɔ | ʨʰiɪˀ | ʨʰin | ʨʰy | ʨʰyəˀ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ʥ | ʥi | ʥiɑ | ʥiɑ̃ | ʥiɤ | ʥiɔ | ʥiɪˀ | ʥin | ʥioŋ | ʥy | ʥyn | ʥyəˀ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ɕ | ɕi | ɕiɑ | ɕiɑ̃ | ɕiɤ | ɕiɔ | ɕiɪˀ | ɕin | ɕioŋ | ɕyn | ɕyəˀ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ʑ | ʑi | ʑiɑ | ʑiɑ̃ | ʑiɤ | ʑin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
m | m̩ | mɑ | mɑ̃ | mɑˀ | mɛ | məˀ | mən | mɤ | mi | miɔ | miɪˀ | min | mo | moˀ | moŋ | mø | mɔ | mu | |||||||||||||||||||||
b | bɑ | bɑ̃ | bã | bɑˀ | bɛ | bən | bi | biɪˀ | bin | bo | boˀ | boŋ | bø | bɔ | bu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
p | pɑ | pɑ̃ | pɑˀ | pɛ | pən | pi | piɪˀ | pin | po | poˀ | pø | pɔ | pu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pʰ | pʰɑ | pʰɑ̃ | pʰɑˀ | pʰɛ | pʰən | pʰi | pʰiɪˀ | pʰin | pʰoˀ | pʰoŋ | pʰø | pʰɔ | pʰu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
l | lɑ | lɑ̃ | lã | lɑˀ | lɛ | lən | lɤ | li | liɑ̃ | liɤ | liɔ | liɪˀ | lin | loˀ | loŋ | lø | lɔ | lɔˀ | lu | ||||||||||||||||||||
n | nɑ | nɑ̃ | nɑˀ | nɛ | nən | no | noˀ | noŋ | nø | nɔ | nu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
t | tɑ | tɑ̃ | tɑˀ | tɛ | təˀ | tən | tɤ | ti | tiɑ | tiɤ | tiɔ | tiɪˀ | tin | toˀ | toŋ | tø | tɔ | tu | |||||||||||||||||||||
tʰ | tʰɑ | tʰɑ̃ | tʰɑˀ | tʰɛ | tʰəˀ | tʰən | tʰɤ | tʰi | tʰiɔ | tʰiɪˀ | tʰin | tʰoˀ | tʰoŋ | tʰø | tʰɔ | tʰu | |||||||||||||||||||||||
d | dɑ | dɑ̃ | dɑˀ | dɛ | dəˀ | dən | dɤ | di | diɔ | diɪˀ | din | doˀ | doŋ | dø | dɔ | du | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ʦ | ʦɑ̃ | ʦɛ | ʦəˀ | ʦən | ʦɿ | ʦɤ | ʦo | ʦoŋ | ʦø | ʦɔ | ʦu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ʦʰ | ʦʰɑ | ʦʰɑ̃ | ʦʰɛ | ʦʰəˀ | ʦʰən | ʦʰɿ | ʦʰɤ | ʦʰo | ʦʰoˀ | ʦʰoŋ | ʦʰø | ʦʰɔ | ʦʰu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
s | sɑ | sɑ̃ | sɑˀ | sɛ | səˀ | sən | sɿ | sɤ | so | soŋ | sø | sɔ | su | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
z | zɑ | zɑ̃ | zã | zɑˀ | zɛ | zəˀ | zən | zɿ | zɤ | zo | zoŋ | zø | zɔ | zu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
f | fɑ̃ | fɑˀ | fɛ | fən | fɤ | fi | foˀ | foŋ | fu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
v | vɑ | vɑ̃ | vɑˀ | vɛ | vəˀ | vən | vɤ | vi | voˀ | voŋ | vu |
There are surely some errors yet to be fixed. I'm not too happy with the ordering of initials and finals, but I can't work out a good order based on articulation characteristics.
Update:I removed some "duplicate" forms and regrouped initials and finals.
ordering
I'd put nasalised forms immediately following clear. I suggest something like the following for vowels:
a ã aˀ ɑ ɑ̃ ɑˀ ɛ ə əˀ əŋ ən əl ɤ i ia iɑ iɤ iɔ iaˀ iɑˀ iɑ̃ iɪˀ in ioŋ ioˀ ɿ o oˀ oŋ on ø ɔ ɔˀ u ua uɑ uɑ̃ uɛ uəŋ uɑˀ uəˀ y yŋ yɲ yø yɪˀ yəˀ
For consonants I'd put voiced with voicelss, which you mostly have, and then place each group alphabetically based on the voiced member of the group. ɕ to follow c, ʑ to follow z.
It's more about aesthetics that way but with clear connections to articulation.
Updated
I mostly followed your points. It looks clearer now.